The dish and eyelid have become the leading therapeutic treatments for heartbeat disorders, including slow heartbeat and heart acceleration. The success of these treatments is largely due to centuries of scientific research in the fundamental mechanisms of electromagnetic phenomena in the heart.

The history of the successful development of vital biomedical therapies includes the development of experimental and theoretical methodologies, innovative biotechnological methods, and modern implantable clinical therapies. The purpose of this book is to present a unified thematic set of reviews by leading scientists and practitioners working in basic research laboratories in bioengineering who have contributed to the development of the current understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of effort and electrical physiology, who are at the forefront of other developments in electro-therapy.

The book begins with the historical overview of the subject, including the development of pacemaker and fibrillation, the evolution of the theories of arrhythmia and experimental methods used in this field over the centuries. The leading experts in the field will write these chapters.

The second part of the book will focus on the rigorous treatment of the fundamental theory of the interaction between the electric field and the cardiac cell, tissues and organs. The chapters will be written by first-class scientists, who have made very important contributions to the development of these theories.

Part 3 will present a summary of several decades of research involving electrode recordings and multi-polar mapping of ventricular fibrillation and fibrillation in humans and animal models of arrhythmias. Part 4 will provide new insights into acquired defibrillation due to the advent of optical imaging technology, which allowed for defibrillation planning without disrupting artifacts caused by shocks in electrical recordings.

Part 5 will provide a rigorous overview of methodologies, making research into the physiological and engineering aspects of electrotherapy possible. Finally, section 6 will present the likely future of implantable devices and electrotherapy in the treatment of arrhythmias..